NNDKP has successfully assisted and represented a private company in a dispute resolved by the Bucharest Court of Appeals, concerning the requirements imposed on tenderers in a public tender procedure organized for the modernization of a Romanian railway line.

The dispute concerned the lawfulness of the manner in which the contracting authority made the submission of tenders conditional on the reconfiguration of certain pieces of equipment and software that had been previously installed at one of the railway stations. The station had undergone extensive modernization works during a previous project for the rehabilitation of a railway line part of the Pan-European Corridor IV.

Products developed for the railway market rely on proprietary software applications, and this aspect creates a dependency on original manufacturers. Thus, contracting authorities may incorrectly establish award conditions that favor the original manufacturers.

Based on the findings of the Competition Council and practice of the European courts, the reliance on a certain manufacturer triggers a lock-in effect, which results in limiting competition.

In the specific case of this tender, the contracting authority chose to address the lock-in effect by transferring the responsibility for solving this issue to the tenderers, requesting them to include in their tenders the works that need to be performed in order to modify certain pieces of equipment and software for one of the railway stations. This meant that tenderers could not submit tenders unless they held intellectual property rights over the previously implemented software and hardware items, and that interested contractors/tenderers had to negotiate the costs of such works directly with the economic operator against which they were competing within the same tender procedure.    

At the beginning of February 2021, the Bucharest Court of Appeals admitted the complaint of our client and ordered the contracting authority to modify the award documentation by adding the requirements for rewriting the software used for the respective station, with the observance of the principles of equal treatment, transparency, non-discrimination and free competition. 

In line with the European jurisprudence, the decision rendered by the Court of Appeals sanctions the contracting authority’s approach to addressing the lock-in effect, and indicates that the approach does not comply with the principles governing public procurement procedures.

The NNDKP team involved in this project was coordinated by Radu Damaschin, Partner in the Dispute Resolution practice, and Adina Chilim-Dumitriu, Partner and one of the coordinators of the Public Procurement and PPP practice, and also included Cristian Dranca and Alexandru Aman, Managing Associates in the Public Procurement and PPP practice.

“The decision of the Bucharest Court of Appeals is anchored in a practice which, beyond the resolution of a specific dispute related to a certain award procedure, institutes new dimensions of the principles of equal treatment and free competition in the area of railway rehabilitation and modernization. We are extremely pleased with this professional achievement, in a case that entailed elements specific to the Romanian law, landmarks of the European practice, as well as purely technical components. I would like to thank all my colleagues who participated in this project for their efforts”, declared Radu Damaschin, Partner, Dispute Resolution practice.

“This decision marks a significant milestone in which concerns the projects for the rehabilitation/modernization of railway lines (and not only), which may entail a sequential implementation, in several stages (based on the allocation of the required funds), and, of course, may include lock-in elements, the resolution of which, unless done in accordance with the principles of free competition, may result in punishable anticompetitive elements. We are pleased to have contributed to the development of jurisprudence in this field”, added Adina Chilim-Dumitriu, Partner and one of the coordinators of the Public Procurement and PPP practice.